Презентация Puppet – configuration management tool онлайн
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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№13 слайд
Содержание слайда: Main components of
Puppet system
Server daemon:
puppet master ( uses WEBrick web server)
run as puppet user
can force client to pull new configs – puppet kick
Client daemon:
puppet agent
run as root (pulling server every 30min defaults or from cron)
Both have configuration file => puppet.conf
№15 слайд
Содержание слайда: Elements of Puppet system
Manifests (code on puppet/ruby language) on server => *.pp
use some programming methods: variables, conditional
statements, functions
Resources (types) is a particular element that Puppet knows how to configure
Classes and defines basic named collection of resources
Providers specific implementation of a given resource type
Templates apply code and variable substitution
Modules collection of manifests, files, plugins, classes, templates and so on
Nodes – machines being configured, identified generally by its hostname
Files, facters, libs, functions and so on
№21 слайд
Содержание слайда: Sample Puppet config file
Can be configured via CLI or configuration file
[main]
vardir = /var/lib/puppet
logdir = /var/log/puppet
ssldir = $vardir/ssl
moduledir = /var/lib/modules
[agent]
server = <ip or dns name>
localconfig = $vardir/localconfig
report = true
[master]
reports = http
autosign = /etc/puppet/autosign.conf
№24 слайд
Содержание слайда: Pre-signing certificates
Generate a pre-signed certificate for clients:
puppet cert --generate client1.example.com
Transfer the private key, the client certificate, the CA certificate to the new client:
/etc/puppet/ssl/private_keys/client.pem
/etc/puppet/ssl/certs/client.pem
/etc/puppet/ssl/certs/ca.pem
+ better controlled security
– have to provide transferring
№25 слайд
Содержание слайда: Manual certificate signing
Doesn’t require the autosign.conf file
List of the waiting requests on the puppetmaster by using:
# puppet cert --list
server1.sample.domain.com
server2.sample.domain.com
to sign a specific request run the following:
# puppet cert --sign server1.sample.domain.com
+ most secure way to sign certificates
– can get cumbersome when scaling your puppet installation
№26 слайд
Содержание слайда: Create manifest and
Describe Node
Create main manifest in /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp
Node definitions can be defined:
configuration block matching a client in manifest
outside of puppet - LDAP, external script
node default { include <module>….}
node “www.domain.com” { …}
node /^www\.\w+\.com/ { … } # can use regular expression
№32 слайд
Содержание слайда: Building module
Storing modules separately in /…/…/modules/module_name assists in management
We can store module specific files within the module instead of all together
Inside each module, we have several directories: manifests, files, templates, plugins
The manifest is where the module’s definition lives and starts - “init.pp”
№33 слайд
Содержание слайда: Module structure
{module}/
files/ # serve files from modules
lib/ # executable Ruby code
manifests/ # can hold any number of other classes and even folders of classes
init.pp
{class}.pp
{defined type}.pp
{namespace}/
{class}.pp
{class}.pp
templates/ # templates written in the ERB language
№34 слайд
Содержание слайда: Module start file - init.pp
class apache { # main class
require apache::params # class dependencies
case $operatingsystem { # variable
FreeBSD: { include apache::install }
Centos: { include apache::instyum }
}
include apache::service
}
Can use variables, conditional statements;
Call new subclasses
Convenient way – organize special class(subclass) for variables
№35 слайд
Содержание слайда: Subclass for Install
class apache::install {
file { $apache::params::install_option: # resource - type of file
ensure => directory,
recurse => true,
recurselimit => 1,
owner => "root",
group => "wheel",
mode => 0644,
source => "puppet:///modules/apache/install",
}
package { $apache::params::apache_pkg_name: # resource - type of package
provider => portupgrade,
ensure => installed,
require => File[$apache::params::install_option],
}
}
Each resource has its own parameters & properties
More about resources:
http://docs.puppetlabs.com/references/stable/type.html
№36 слайд
Содержание слайда: Subclass for SERVICE
class apache::service {
service { $apache::params::apache_ser_name:
ensure => running,
hasstatus => true,
hasrestart => true,
enable => true,
require => [Class["apache::install"], File["$apache::params::apache_main_conf"]]
}
file { $apache::params::apache_main_conf:
ensure => present,
owner => 'root',
group => 'wheel',
mode => '644',
source => "puppet:///modules/apache/config/httpd.conf_free",
require => Class["apache::install"],
notify => Service["$apache::params::apache_ser_name"],
}
}
№37 слайд
Содержание слайда: Module Dependency
Handy when an application needs to have certain files in place before installing the rest
The more complex your Puppet environment becomes the greater the need for inter-module dependencies are.
inter-, intra-module dependencies
require, before - guarantees that the specified object is applied later or before than the specifying object
notify, subscribe - causes the dependent object to be refreshed when this object is changed
Class[x] -> Class[y] – another form of dependencies
Stages - creates a dependency on or from the named milestone
№38 слайд
Содержание слайда: Definitions
Definitions are similar to classes, but they can be instantiated multiple times with different arguments on the same node (looks like functions for resources)
define apache::vhost ( $port, $docroot, $template='apache/vhosts.erb’) {
file { "/etc/apache2/sites-available/$name":
content => template($template),
owner => 'root',
group => 'wheel',
mode => “644’, }
}
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Example of usage
node ‘www’ {
include apache
apache::vhost { ‘www-second':
port => 80,
docroot => '/var/www/www-second',
template => ‘apache/www_vhosts’,
}
}
№39 слайд
Содержание слайда: Templates
Templates are flat files containing Embedded Ruby (ERB) variables
Allows you to create template configuration files
NameVirtualHost *:<%= port %>
<VirtualHost *:<%= port %>>
ServerName <%= name %>
DocumentRoot <%= docroot %>
<Directory <%= docroot %>>
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/<%= name %>_error.log
CustomLog /var/log/apache2/<%= name %>_access.log combined
</VirtualHost>
<%= … %> - variable field
№40 слайд
Содержание слайда: Custom facter
System inventory tool on client
Can be used as variables in manifests
You can add custom facts as needed
Steps to create custom facts:
- create file in module directory ../module_name/lib/facter/<name>.rb
- write code on Ruby
- enable on client and server – “pluginsync=true”
№42 слайд
Содержание слайда: CONCLUSIONS
What is the profit ?
Quick and flexible deployment of our complicated system in production
Quick re-deployment of existing system in case of failure (previously generating data backups)
Easy deployment of huge numbers of servers
Easy generation and modification of configuration files
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