Презентация LECTURE 2 OE Morphology. OE Syntax. онлайн

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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:

№1 слайд
LECTURE OE Morphology. OE
Содержание слайда: LECTURE 2 OE Morphology. OE Syntax.

№2 слайд
An Outline Grammatical
Содержание слайда: An Outline Grammatical categories of the Noun in OE The Grammatical Categories of the Adjective in OE Grammatical Categories of the Verb in OE The Morphological Classification of the OE Verbs Principal Features of OE Syntax

№3 слайд
PIE had been an inflected
Содержание слайда: PIE had been an inflected language and PG had retained inflections to a greater a lesser extent. In grammar, OE carried out some simplifications of the PG system

№4 слайд
Noun Grammatical categories
Содержание слайда: Noun Grammatical categories: Case Number Gender Noun declensions

№5 слайд
The Category of Case cases
Содержание слайда: The Category of Case 4 cases: Nominative (the subject case), Accusative ( the object case), Genitive (indicating possession) Dative (used after most prepositions and also as the indirect object).

№6 слайд
The Category of Number Sg.
Содержание слайда: The Category of Number Sg. and Pl. Nominative dæġ dagas Accusative dæġ dæġ Genitive dæġes daga Dative dæġe dagum

№7 слайд
The Category of Gender MFN
Содержание слайда: The Category of Gender MFN Present-day English has only natural gender, Gender in OE is grammatical. Cf. OE moegden (girl), wīf (wife), bearn (child, son), and cild (child) are in fact neuter.

№8 слайд
Noun declensions A group of
Содержание слайда: Noun declensions A group of nouns which all have the same set of inflexions attached to them are the members of a particular declension.

№9 слайд
Types of declensions in OE
Содержание слайда: Types of declensions in OE: strong declension weak declension root declension minor declensions

№10 слайд
strong declension a-stems,
Содержание слайда: strong declension a-stems, ō-stems, i-stems, u-stems.

№11 слайд
strong declension a-stems
Содержание слайда: strong declension (a-stems masculine) Singular Plural stān stānas stānes stāna stāne stānum stān stānas

№12 слайд
The a-stems form the most
Содержание слайда: The a-stems form the most important declension for the later history of the language. The a-stems form the most important declension for the later history of the language. Cf. ModE stones – OE stānas the plural inflexion -as is the antecedent of the modern standard plural marker.

№13 слайд
weak declension n-stems nouns
Содержание слайда: weak declension n-stems nouns This declension gave the later -en plural Cf. ModE oxen ( < OE oxan)

№14 слайд
Содержание слайда:

№15 слайд
Root declension Its most
Содержание слайда: Root declension Its most obvious characteristic is that they should have shown i-mutation.

№16 слайд
Singular Plural Singular
Содержание слайда: Singular Plural Singular Plural Nom. fōt fēt Gen. fōtes fōta Dat. fēt fōtum Acc. fōt fēt it is the source of irregular plurals; PDE foot ~ feet, man ~ men, goose ~ geese.

№17 слайд
OE Adjectives Grammatical
Содержание слайда: OE Adjectives Grammatical categories: 1) Number; 2) Case; 3) Gender; Degrees of comparison. Declensions: strong and weak.

№18 слайд
OE Verb The categories of OE
Содержание слайда: OE Verb The categories of OE Verb: The category of Person (three persons) The category of Number (two numbers) The category of Mood (three moods) The category of Tense (present and past)

№19 слайд
The progressive constructions
Содержание слайда: The progressive constructions: Cf. Europe hio onginð... of Danai þære ie, seo is irnende of norÞdæle... Europe she begins... from Don that river, that is running from northern-part...

№20 слайд
The perfect and plusperfect
Содержание слайда: The perfect and plusperfect constructions Cf. Ic hæbbe gebunden þone feond; I have bound that enemy”

№21 слайд
Passive constructions OE he
Содержание слайда: Passive constructions OE he gefeaht wiþ Gotan, & gefliemed weard & bedrifen on anne tun he fought against Goths and put-to-flight was and driven into one fortress PDE: he fought against the Goths and was put to flight and driven into afortress;

№22 слайд
Morphological classes of OE
Содержание слайда: Morphological classes of OE verbs strong, weak, preterit-presents, irregular

№23 слайд
A peculiar feature of the
Содержание слайда: A peculiar feature of the Germanic languages was the division of the verb into two great classes: the weak and the strong verbs.

№24 слайд
Strong verbs classes or
Содержание слайда: Strong verbs 7 classes or “ablaut series” Four forms: the infinitive, the past singular, the past plural, and the past participle. Their major categories are formed by root-vowel alternations (ablaut).

№25 слайд
I. drfan drf drifon ge drifen
Содержание слайда: I. drīfan drāf drifon (ge) drifen II. cēosan cēas curon coren III. helpan healp hulpon holpen IV. beran bær boren V. sprecan spræc sprecen VI. faran fōr fōron faren VII. feallan fēoll fēollon feallen

№26 слайд
Weak verbs Three forms
Содержание слайда: Weak verbs Three forms: present infinitive; past tense; past participle. They form these forms by means of the dental suffixes.

№27 слайд
Содержание слайда:

№28 слайд
OE Syntax OE was a highly
Содержание слайда: OE Syntax OE was a highly inflected language. Meaning was determined by case endings: that is, the relationship among words in a sentence was determined not by the word in the sentence, but by the special endings of the words

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