Презентация Politics in Britain. The political system онлайн
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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№1 слайд
Содержание слайда: Politics in Britain
The political system
№2 слайд
Содержание слайда: Plan:
1/ Constitutional monarchy vs parliamentary democracy
The basic legal documents in the UK
The governing monarch and her family, their functions
The branches of power: legislative, executive and judiciary
The Parliament, its Houses, the Cabinet and Prime Minister
2/ The role of the Political Parties in the UK, system of election
№3 слайд
Содержание слайда: The System of government
The United Kingdom is a
constitutional monarchy
and
parliamentary democracy
№4 слайд
Содержание слайда: The UK is constitutional monarchy.
This means that the official head of state is the monarch, but his or her powers are limited by the constitution.
The British constitution is not written in any single document.
№5 слайд
Содержание слайда: Legal documents
Magna Carta – the Great Charter - 1215
Petition of Rights – 1628- the power of Charles I was restricted
Habeas Corpus Act – 1640 – during the Civil War
Bill of Rights – 1689 – declared constitutional monarchy
Statute of Westminster – 1931 – regulated the relations in the Commonwealth
№6 слайд
Содержание слайда: A monarch is trained from Birth for the position of Head of State and even when a younger brother succeeds, he too has enormous experience of his country, its people and its government. The people know who will succeed, and this certainly gives a nation invaluable continuity and stability.
A monarch is trained from Birth for the position of Head of State and even when a younger brother succeeds, he too has enormous experience of his country, its people and its government. The people know who will succeed, and this certainly gives a nation invaluable continuity and stability.
№7 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Queen is the personification of the State.
The Queen is the personification of the State.
The Queen is
the head of the executive power,
an integral part of the legislature,
the head of the judiciary,
the commander-in-chief of all the armed forces of the Crown
the temporal head of the established Church of England.
№8 слайд
Содержание слайда: THE QUEEN'S WORKING DAY
The Queen has many different duties to perform every day:
investitures,
ceremonies,
receptions or
reading letters from the public, official papers and briefing notes;
audiences with political ministers or ambassadors;
meetings with her Private Secretaries to discuss her future diary plans.
№9 слайд
Содержание слайда: THE QUEEN'S CEREMONIAL DUTIES
the State Opening of Parliament,
Audiences with new ambassadors
the presentation of decorations at Investitures
the presentation of Maundy money
the hosting of garden parties
№10 слайд
Содержание слайда: THE ROYAL FAMILY
MEMBERS OF THE ROYAL FAMILY
№11 слайд
Содержание слайда:
№12 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Queen's children
№13 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Queens grandchildren
№14 слайд
Содержание слайда: THE ROYAL RESIDENCES
№15 слайд
Содержание слайда: THE ROYAL RESIDENCES
№16 слайд
Содержание слайда:
№17 слайд
Содержание слайда: The organs of government in the United Kingdom are
the legislature;
the executive power;
the judiciary.
№18 слайд
Содержание слайда: the legislature power belongs to Parliament which main function is law-making.
the legislature power belongs to Parliament which main function is law-making.
№19 слайд
Содержание слайда:
№20 слайд
Содержание слайда:
№21 слайд
Содержание слайда: The House of Lords
574 life peers,
92 hereditary peers,
26 bishops
№22 слайд
Содержание слайда: The House of Commons
The House of Commons
is elected by an almost universal adult suffrage.
There are at present 650 members of the House of Commons, who are elected by people every five years.
Members of the House of Commons receive a salary for their parliamentary work and hold their seats during the life of a Parliament.
№23 слайд
Содержание слайда: Erskine May: Parliamentary Practice
The rules how to behave in Parliament
No reading
No violency
№24 слайд
Содержание слайда: MPs are elected either at a general election or at a by-election following the death or retirement.
MPs are elected either at a general election or at a by-election following the death or retirement.
Parliamentary elections are held every 5 years and it is the Prime Minister who decides on the exact day of the election.
The minimum voting age is 18.
And the voting is taken by secret ballot.
The election campaign lasts about 3 weeks.
№25 слайд
Содержание слайда:
№26 слайд
Содержание слайда: the executive power
the executive power
Is realized by:
the Cabinet and other ministers of the Crown;
Government departments;
local authorities, who administer and manage many services at the local level; and
statutory boards, which are responsible for the operation of particular nationalised industries or public services;
№27 слайд
Содержание слайда: The executive power of the Crown is exercised by the cabinet, headed by the prime minister.
№28 слайд
Содержание слайда: Five last prime ministers since…
1974-1976 Harold Wilson
1976-1979 James Callaghan
1979-1990 Margaret Thatcher
1990-1997 John Major
1997- 2007 Tony Blair
2007 – 2010 Gordon Brown
2010 - David Cameron
№29 слайд
Содержание слайда: Prime Minister
Prime Minister
First Lord of the Treasury
Minister for the Civil Service
№30 слайд
Содержание слайда: Each member of the Cabinet is a minister
Each member of the Cabinet is a minister
responsible for
a government department.
№31 слайд
Содержание слайда: Chancellor of the Exchequer
Chancellor of the Exchequer
Responsibility
Government spending
Presents the Budget annually in March
Lives at 11 Downing street
№32 слайд
Содержание слайда: Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
Responsibility
Relations with other countries
№33 слайд
Содержание слайда: Secretary of State for Justice
Secretary of State for Justice
Lord Chancellor
№34 слайд
Содержание слайда: Secretary of State for the Home Department
Secretary of State for the Home Department
Responsibility
Internal relations
The police
Law and order
Law courts
№35 слайд
Содержание слайда: Secretary of State for Education
№36 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Cabinet meets at the Prime Minister’s house – number 10 Downing street.
The Cabinet meets at the Prime Minister’s house – number 10 Downing street.
№37 слайд
Содержание слайда: The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet.
The second largest party becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet.
The leader of the shadow cabinet nowadays is Jeremy Corbyn.
№38 слайд
Содержание слайда: Political parties
At present the main political groupings are the Conservative and Labour Parties and the Party of Liberal Democrats.
There are also some other parties: the Social Democratic Party, the Scottish National and Welsh National Parties, the Communist Party of Great Britain and other small parties.
№39 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Conservative Party
The Conservative Party
often called the
Tory Party,
started as Royalists in the 17th century.
It is the party of big business, industry, commerce and landowners. The party represents those who believe in private enterprise. The Tories are a mixture of the rich and privileged – the monopolists and landowners.
№40 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Liberal Party
The Liberal Party
began its activities as anti-Royalists.
The Liberals represented the trading and manufacturing class in the 19th century. Their slogan was ‘Civil and Religious Liberties’. Later Liberals lost the support of working-class voters and made an alliance with Social Democrats. The Tories called the Liberals ‘Whigs’. A ‘whig’ was a Scottish preacher, who could preach moralising sermons for long hours.
№41 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Labour Party
The Labour Party
was established at the beginning of the last century. It was set up by the trade-unions and various small socialist groups. This party drew away working people’s support. Despite its many sincere and courageous fights, it soon came under the influence of imperialist ideas.
№42 слайд
Содержание слайда: Chartism was a working-class movement for political reform in Britain which existed from 1838 to 1858. It took its name from the People's Charter of 1838.
The national chartist association was founded in Manchester.
№43 слайд
Содержание слайда: The People's Charter called for six reforms
A vote for every man 21 years of age
The Secret Ballot
No Property Qualification for Members of Parliament
Payment of Members.
Equal Constituencies.
Annual Parliament Elections.
№44 слайд
Содержание слайда: The party that obtains the majority of seats in the House is called the Government, and the others are the Opposition.
№45 слайд
Содержание слайда: The Government is
The Government is
the party
which has the majority in the Parliament and the Queen appoints its leader as the Prime Minister.
The Prime Minister appoints
a team of main ministers as the Cabinet
(about 20 people).
№46 слайд
Содержание слайда: the judiciary
the judiciary
determines common law and interprets statutes.
№47 слайд
Содержание слайда:
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