Презентация Currents in мetals онлайн
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- Тип файла:ppt / pptx (powerpoint)
- Всего слайдов:36 слайдов
- Для класса:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Размер файла:1.07 MB
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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№4 слайд
![Drift speed of electrons](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img3.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Drift speed of electrons
There is a zigzag motion of an electron in a conductor. The changes in direction are the result of collisions between the electron and atoms in the conductor. The net motion – drift speed of the electron is opposite the direction of the electric field.
№6 слайд
![Current in metals Every atom](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Current in metals
Every atom in the metallic crystal gives up one or more of its outer electrons. These electrons are then free to move through the crystal, colliding at intervals with stationary positive ions, then the resistivity is:
= m/(ne2)
n - the number density of free electrons,
m and e – mass and charge of electron,
– average time between collisions.
№12 слайд
![Magnet Force The magnitude FB](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img11.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Magnet Force
The magnitude FB of the magnetic force exerted on the particle is proportional to the charge q and to the speed v of the particle.
The magnitude and direction of FB depend on the velocity of the particle and on the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field B.
When a charged particle moves parallel to the magnetic field vector, the magnetic force acting on the particle is zero.
When the particle’s velocity vector makes any angle 0 with the magnetic field, the magnetic force acts in a direction perpendicular to both v and B.
The magnetic force exerted on a positive charge is in the direction opposite the direction of the magnetic force exerted on a negative charge moving in the same direction.
The magnitude of the magnetic force exerted on the moving particle is proportional to sin , where is the angle the particle’s velocity vector makes with the direction of B.
№16 слайд
![Magnetic Force on a Current](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img15.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Magnetic Force on a Current
Magnetic force is exerted on a single charge moving in a magnetic field. A current-carrying wire also experiences a force when placed in a magnetic field. This follows from the fact that the current is a collection of many charged particles in motion; hence, the resultant force exerted by the field on the wire is the vector sum of the individual forces exerted on all the charges making up the current. The force exerted on the particles is transmitted to the wire when the particles collide with the atoms making up the wire.
№20 слайд
![Magnetic force on a straight](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img19.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Magnetic force on a straight wire
So, the force on a straight wire in a uniform magnetic field is:
is a vector multiplication.
Where L is a vector that points in the direction of the current I and has a magnitude equal to the length L of the segment. This expression applies only to a straight segment of wire in a uniform magnetic field.
№22 слайд
![Current Loop Torque in a](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img21.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Current Loop Torque in a Uniform Magnetic Field
- Overhead view of a rectangular loop in a uniform magnetic field.
Sides 1 and 3 are parallel to magnetic field, so only sides 2 and for experiences magnetic forces.
- Magnet forces, acting on sides 2 and 4 create a torque on the loop.
№24 слайд
![When the loop is not parallel](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img23.jpg)
Содержание слайда: When the loop is not parallel to the magnetic field, i.e. the angle between A and B is < 90° then:
When the loop is not parallel to the magnetic field, i.e. the angle between A and B is < 90° then:
So the torque on a loop in a uniform magnetic field is:
This formula is correct not only for a rectangular loop, but for a planar loop of any shape.
№25 слайд
![Area Vector In formula for](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img24.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Area Vector
In formula for torque
we have vector A:
- Its direction is perpendicular to the plane of the loop,
- its magnitude is equal to the area of the loop.
We determine the direction of A using the right-hand rule. When you curl the fingers of your right hand in the direction of the current in the loop, your thumb points in the direction of A.
№29 слайд
![Motion of a Charged Particle](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img28.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Motion of a Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic Field
When the velocity of a charged particle is perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field, the particle moves in a circular path in a plane perpendicular to B. The magnetic force FB acting on the charge is always directed toward the center of the circle.
№33 слайд
![the magnetic force exerted on](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img32.jpg)
Содержание слайда: the magnetic force exerted on the carriers has magnitude qvdB.
the magnetic force exerted on the carriers has magnitude qvdB.
this force is balanced by the electric force qEH:
d is the width of the conductor:
n – charge density: .vd - charge carrier drift speed.
then we obtain the Hall voltage:
№35 слайд
![When the charge carriers in a](/documents_6/40ccd47bdec57e686147d78ee34df00b/img34.jpg)
Содержание слайда: When the charge carriers in a Hall-effect apparatus are negative, the upper edge of the conductor becomes negatively charged, and c is at a lower electric potential than a.
When the charge carriers in a Hall-effect apparatus are negative, the upper edge of the conductor becomes negatively charged, and c is at a lower electric potential than a.
When the charge carriers are positive, the upper edge becomes positively charged, and c is at a higher potential than a.
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