Презентация Molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases онлайн
На нашем сайте вы можете скачать и просмотреть онлайн доклад-презентацию на тему Molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases абсолютно бесплатно. Урок-презентация на эту тему содержит всего 33 слайда. Все материалы созданы в программе PowerPoint и имеют формат ppt или же pptx. Материалы и темы для презентаций взяты из открытых источников и загружены их авторами, за качество и достоверность информации в них администрация сайта не отвечает, все права принадлежат их создателям. Если вы нашли то, что искали, отблагодарите авторов - поделитесь ссылкой в социальных сетях, а наш сайт добавьте в закладки.
Презентации » Физика » Molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases
Оцените!
Оцените презентацию от 1 до 5 баллов!
- Тип файла:ppt / pptx (powerpoint)
- Всего слайдов:33 слайда
- Для класса:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Размер файла:802.00 kB
- Просмотров:81
- Скачиваний:0
- Автор:неизвестен
Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№3 слайд
![Main assumptions for Ideal](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img2.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Main assumptions for Ideal Gas Model
The number of molecules in the gas is large, and the average separation between them is large compared with their dimensions. This means that the molecules themselves occupy a negligibly small volume in the container. The molecules are considered to be point-like.
The molecules obey Newton’s laws of motion, but as a whole they move randomly. That is any molecule can move in any direction with any speed. At any given moment, one of the molecules move at high speeds, and others move at low speeds.
The molecules interact only by short-range forces during elastic collisions, no long-range forces on among molecules.
The molecules make elastic collisions with the walls.
All molecules of the gas are identical.
№6 слайд
![Using previous expressions we](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Using previous expressions we can find x-component of the long-term average force exerted by the wall on the molecule as:
Using previous expressions we can find x-component of the long-term average force exerted by the wall on the molecule as:
Then by a molecule on the wall:
So the net force of all molecules on the wall:
№7 слайд
![Root mean square rms value of](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Root mean square (rms) value of x-component of velocities of N molecules:
Root mean square (rms) value of x-component of velocities of N molecules:
Velocity consists of 3 equal components:
So the total force exerted on the wall is:
Then the pressure on the square wall is:
№10 слайд
![Theorem of equipartition of](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img9.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Theorem of equipartition of energy
We can transform the last expression into
Generalization of this result is known as the theorem of equipartition of energy:
Each degree of freedom contributes to the energy of a system, where possible degrees of freedom in addition to translation arise from rotation and vibration of molecules.
№15 слайд
![The Boltzmann Distribution](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img14.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The Boltzmann Distribution Law
Where n0 is defined such that n0dE is the number of molecules per unit volume having energy between E = 0 and E = dE.
The Boltzmann law states that the probability of finding the molecules in a particular energy state varies exponentially as the negative of the energy divided by kBT:
n is the number density
№19 слайд
![Evaporation We know that](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img18.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Evaporation
We know that liquids evaporate when they’re below boiling temperature. The speed distribution curve for molecules in a liquid is described by Maxwell–Boltzmann function. The molecules that escape the liquid by evaporation are those that have sufficient energy to overcome the attractive forces of the molecules in the liquid phase. Consequently molecules left behind in the liquid phase have a lower average kinetic energy; as a result, the temperature of the liquid decreases. Hence, evaporation is a cooling process.
№21 слайд
![Saturation Vapor Pressure](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img20.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Saturation Vapor Pressure
Ordinary evaporation is a surface phenomenon - some molecules have enough kinetic energy to escape. If the container is closed, an equilibrium is reached where an equal number of molecules return to the surface. The pressure of this equilibrium is called the saturation vapor pressure.
№22 слайд
![The process of evaporation in](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img21.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The process of evaporation in a closed container will proceed until there are as many molecules returning to the liquid as there are escaping. At this point the vapor is said to be saturated, and the pressure of that vapor is called the saturated vapor pressure.
The process of evaporation in a closed container will proceed until there are as many molecules returning to the liquid as there are escaping. At this point the vapor is said to be saturated, and the pressure of that vapor is called the saturated vapor pressure.
№23 слайд
![Evaporation vs Boiling](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img22.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Evaporation vs Boiling
Ordinary evaporation is a surface phenomenon - since the vapor pressure is low and since the pressure inside the liquid is equal to atmospheric pressure plus the liquid pressure, bubbles of water vapor cannot form.
But at the boiling point, the saturated vapor pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, bubbles form, and the vaporization becomes a volume phenomena.
№29 слайд
![Transport Phenomena By means](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img28.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Transport Phenomena
By means of collisions that molecules can carry physical properties (momentum, energy, concentration, etc.) through a gas. If there is local heating, that extra thermal energy can be carried to other parts of the gas through successive collisions. If some molecules with a particular odour or colour are introduced in one location, they will spread through the gas through collisions, even without convection. The movement of such properties is called transport phenomena (of thermal energy, change of concentrations, and so forth), and, more particularly, the movement of molecules by random collisions is called diffusion.
№30 слайд
![Some terms The critical](/documents_6/d612b6cfa7c27402708e4adc7562cef8/img29.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Some terms
The critical temperature of a gas is that temperature above which the gas will not liquefy, regardless of the amount of pressure applied to it.
The saturated vapor pressure of a substance is the additional pressure exerted by vapor molecules on the substance and its surroundings under a condition of saturation.
Boiling is defined as vaporization within the body of a liquid when its vapor pressure equals the pressure in the liquid.
The absolute humidity is defined as the mass of water per unit volume of air.
The relative humidity can be computed from saturated-vapor-pressure tables according to the following definition:
Relative humidity = actual vapor pressure/ saturated vapor pressure.
Скачать все slide презентации Molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases одним архивом:
Похожие презентации
-
Molecular-kinetic theory of ideal gases. The molecular basis of thermal physics. Lecture 5
-
BCS Theory of Superconductivity
-
Atomic theory and structure of an atom
-
Theoretical principles of bioenergetics
-
Mechacnics. Molecular physics and Thermodynamics. Electricity. Magnetism
-
Special Theory of Relativity
-
The Big Bang Theory
-
Струм у газах. Несамостійний і самостійний розряди. Поняття про плазму
-
Применение кристаллов в науке и технике
-
Типовые динамические звенья
-
Частотные методы анализа показателей качества