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№1 слайд![Aqueous Solutions of](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img0.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Aqueous Solutions of Electrolytes
№2 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img1.jpg)
№3 слайд![Electrolytes](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img2.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Electrolytes
№4 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img3.jpg)
№5 слайд![Pure water does not conduct](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img4.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Pure water does not conduct an electric current
№6 слайд![Electrostatic Forces](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Electrostatic Forces
№7 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img6.jpg)
№8 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img7.jpg)
№9 слайд![Electrolytes are substances](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img8.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity
Electrolytes are substances that dissociate into ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity
№10 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img9.jpg)
№11 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img10.jpg)
№12 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img11.jpg)
№13 слайд![The Water Molecule is Polar](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img12.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The Water Molecule is Polar
№14 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img13.jpg)
№15 слайд![How Water Dissolves an Ionic](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img14.jpg)
Содержание слайда: How Water Dissolves an Ionic Substance
№16 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img15.jpg)
№17 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img16.jpg)
№18 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img17.jpg)
№19 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img18.jpg)
№20 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img19.jpg)
№21 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img20.jpg)
№22 слайд![Reactions of Acid Strong and](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img21.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Reactions of Acid:
Strong and Weak Acids
Strong acids are strong electrolytes; completely ionized in water:
In water: HCl(g) → H+(aq) + Cl–(aq)
№23 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img22.jpg)
№24 слайд![Strong and Weak Bases Strong](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img23.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Strong and Weak Bases
Strong bases: Most are ionic hydroxides (Group IA and IIA, though some IIA hydroxides aren’t very soluble).
Weak bases: Like weak acids, they ionize partially. Ionization process is different.
Weak bases form OH– by accepting H+ from water …
NH3 + H2O NH4+ + OH–
CH3NH2 + H2O CH3NH3+ + OH–
methylamine methylammonium ion
№25 слайд![Common Strong Acids and](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img24.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Common Strong Acids
and Strong Bases
№26 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img25.jpg)
№27 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img26.jpg)
№28 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img27.jpg)
№29 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img28.jpg)
№30 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img29.jpg)
№31 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img30.jpg)
№32 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img31.jpg)
№33 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img32.jpg)
№34 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img33.jpg)
№35 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img34.jpg)
№36 слайд![Acid Base Reactions](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img35.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Acid–Base Reactions:
Neutralization
Neutralization is the (usually complete) reaction of an acid with a base. The products of this neutralization are water and a salt.
№37 слайд![Acid Base Reactions Net Ionic](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img36.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Acid–Base Reactions:
Net Ionic Equations
In the reaction above, the HCl, NaOH, and NaCl all are strong electrolytes and dissociate completely.
The actual reaction occurs between ions.
№38 слайд![Reactions that Form](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img37.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Reactions that Form Precipitates
There are limits to the amount of a solute that will dissolve in a given amount of water.
If the maximum concentration of solute is less than about 0.01 M, we refer to the solute as insoluble in water.
When a chemical reaction forms such a solute, the insoluble solute comes out of solution and is called a precipitate.
№39 слайд![Silver Iodide Precipitation](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img38.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Silver Iodide Precipitation
№40 слайд![With these guidelines we can](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img39.jpg)
Содержание слайда: With these guidelines we can predict precipitation reactions.
With these guidelines we can predict precipitation reactions.
When solutions of sodium carbonate and iron (III) nitrate are mixed, a precipitate will form.
When solutions of lead acetate and calcium chloride are mixed, a precipitate will form.
№41 слайд![](/documents_6/5dd1b2ae1290c0c12c4658bae7afe7c2/img40.jpg)