Презентация Chemistry of life онлайн

Содержание слайда: Chemistry of life

Содержание слайда: Chemical composition of living things 98% H,O,C,N (bioelements) ~2% S, P, Na, Cl, Ca, K, Mg, Fe (macroelements) ~0.02% I, F, Co, Mn, Mo, B, Zn (microelements) In very small amounts Ag, Se, Hg(ultramicroelements)

Содержание слайда: Chemical reactions A compound is formed when molecules are rearranged or bonds form between atoms. The formation of bonds is termed a chemical reaction

Содержание слайда: Types of reaction Oxidation - reduction (redox) reactions Anabolic - catabolic reactions Hydrolysis - dehydration synthesis

Содержание слайда: Oxidation - reduction (redox) reactions A chemical reaction involves physical changes to all the reactants involved. For example, a compound may receive or donate electrons. Such reactions are known as oxidation-reduction reactions or redox reactions. The compound donating electrons is said to be oxidised while the compound accepting electrons is said to be reduced. Ex: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⎯→ 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (Oxidation of glucose)

Содержание слайда: Anabolic - Catabolic Reactions Catabolic Reactions Organic compounds are broken down to their monomers by catabolic reactions, most of which result in energy release. EX: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ⎯→ 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy (38 ATP/686 Kcal/mol) Anabolic Reactions All reactions in a cell that build new molecules are known as anabolic reactions. EX: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light energy (686 Kcal/mol) ⎯⎯→ C6H12O6 + 6O2

Содержание слайда: Hydrolysis - Dehydration Synthesis Chemical reactions can also be categorised according to the behaviour of water in the reaction. For example in catabolic reactions, water is split by hydrolytic enzymes and its components are added to the bonds that are to be broken. This is known as hydrolysis EX: C12H22O11 + H2O ⎯→ 2 C6H12O6 (hydrolysis) Anabolic reactions, the condensation of two amino acids or carbohydrates for example, involves the formation of new bonds and the formation and release of water. This is known as dehydration synthesis EX:aa1 + aa2 ⎯→ dipeptide + H2O (dehydration)