Презентация Economic systems онлайн
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- Тип файла:ppt / pptx (powerpoint)
- Всего слайдов:33 слайда
- Для класса:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Размер файла:3.27 MB
- Просмотров:63
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- Автор:неизвестен
Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№1 слайд
Содержание слайда: Economic Systems
Karamatozyan Denis
№2 слайд
Содержание слайда: Aims and objectives
Aims:
1) Introduce types of economies;
2) Introduce special vocabulary.
Objectives:
1) Show presentation;
2) Show vocabulary;
3) Ask some questions to auditory.
№3 слайд
Содержание слайда: Plan
1) Types of Economic Systems
2) Traditional Economy
3) Market Economy
4) Mixed Economy
5) Command Economy
№4 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Economic Systems:
№5 слайд
Содержание слайда: Economic Systems
Economic Systems – method used by a society to produce and distribute goods and services
Each type has its own solution to questions: what, how much and for whom provide goods and services.
№6 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Economic Systems:
Traditional Economy
– relies on habit, custom, or ritual to decide questions of production and consumption of goods and services
little room for innovation or change
revolves around the family
№7 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Economic Systems:
Market Economy
– decisions on production and consumption of goods and services are based on voluntary exchange
choices are made by individuals
№8 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Economic Systems:
Mixed Economy
– market-based economic system in which the government plays a limited role
most modern economies!!
№9 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Economic Systems:
Command Economy
– a central authority is in command of the economy
central government makes all the decisions
№10 слайд
Содержание слайда: Comparing Mixed Economies
An economic system that permits the conduct of business with minimal government intervention is called free enterprise. The degree of government involvement in the economy varies among nations.
№11 слайд
Содержание слайда: Countries Economic Systems:
№12 слайд
Содержание слайда: 3 Economics
WHAT goods and services should be produced?
HOW should these goods and services be produced?
FOR WHOM should these goods and services be produced?
№13 слайд
Содержание слайда: Traditional economies
The highest goals of people in a traditional economy are economic stability and security. Most want nothing more than to live as they always have, following traditional ways of life, in harmony with nature. For most traditional societies, though, this goal is increasingly difficult to attain. Traditional economies have become shrinking outposts of the past surrounded by the modern world. As modern economies exert an ever-growing influence, traditional societies are struggling to find a path to economic survival.
№14 слайд
Содержание слайда: Do you know any barter countries?
Which ones?
№15 слайд
Содержание слайда: Inuit (North America)
№16 слайд
Содержание слайда: Command economies
Rulers at the top of these early civilizations—kings, pharaohs, emperors—commanded the populace to devote economic resources to building projects or military adventures. Many thousands of people might be conscripted to build a pyramid, defensive wall, irrigation canal, temple, or road. In a preindustrial age, such projects took vast quantities of human labor. Often, many people would be drafted into a ruler’s army and sent into battle in distant lands.
№17 слайд
Содержание слайда: Can you tell us, what countries do u know with command economy?
№18 слайд
Содержание слайда: North Korea
№19 слайд
Содержание слайда: Market Economies: Decision Making by Individuals
The newest economic system to emerge in human history is the market economy. A market economy depends not on tradition or command to coordinate its activities but on the decisions of individual producers and consumers. Note that when economists speak of “the market,” they are referring to the economic system within which buyers and sellers exchange goods and services. This is distinct from an everyday market, which is a place where people buy and sell goods.
№20 слайд
Содержание слайда: USA
№21 слайд
Содержание слайда: Let us repeat
1) Traditional Economy
centers on families, clans, or tribes
decisions are based on customs and beliefs
Good of the group always comes before individual desires
№22 слайд
Содержание слайда: Can you reckon some pluses and minuses of Tradition economy?
+
-
№23 слайд
Содержание слайда: Tradition economy
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages: little disagreement over goals, roles
methods of production, distribution determined by custom
Disadvantages: as result of resistance to change, less productive
do not use new methods; people not in jobs they are best suited for
low productivity results in low standard of living
№24 слайд
Содержание слайда: Let us repeat
Command Economy….
Who can tell about this?
You can work together
№25 слайд
Содержание слайда: Command Economy
(centrally planned economy) government (or a king, a leader, a marshal) makes economic decisions
determines what to produce; how to produce; who gets products
determines who is employed, work hours, pay scales
Wants of individual consumers rarely considered
Government owns means of production: resources and factories
№26 слайд
Содержание слайда: Let us repeat
Market Economy (no interruption from government)
driven by choices of consumers and producers
consumers spend money, go into business, sell their labor as they wish
producers decide how to use their resources to make the most money
Consumers, producers benefit each other when they act in self-interest
№27 слайд
Содержание слайда: Let us repeat
Mixed economy
has elements of traditional, command, market systems
most common type of economic system
Traditional, command, market economies adopt elements from others
№28 слайд
Содержание слайда: Types of Mixed Economies
U.S. basically has market system
European countries greater mix of market and command elements
France—government controls some industries; provides social services
Sweden—state owns part of all companies; lifelong benefits, high taxes
Namibia—traditional; state supports market, foreign investment
№29 слайд
Содержание слайда: So, who can summarize?
№30 слайд
Содержание слайда: Vocabulary
Centrally planned or command economy –an economy where all economic decisions are taken by the central authorities.
Free-market economy – an economy where all economic decisions are taken by individual households and firms and with no government intervention.
Mixed economy–an economy where all economic decisions are taken partly by the government and partly through the market.
№31 слайд
Содержание слайда: Vocabulary
Planning – establishment of objectives for man and organization and determination of the best ways to accomplish them.
Nationalization – the process under which private industries become state owned industries.
Tax – a charge, monetary as a rule, imposed by authority upon persons or property for public purposes.
№32 слайд
Содержание слайда: Vocabulary
Subsidy –monetary grant or gift.
Partnership –unincorporated business owned and operated by two or more persons under a voluntary legal association.
№33 слайд
Содержание слайда: Thank you for your attention
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