Презентация Health and weather онлайн
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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№1 слайд
Содержание слайда: Ministry of the Public Health of Ukraine
Zaporozhe State Medical University
Chair of General Hygiene and Ecology
Zaporozhye 2014
№2 слайд
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№3 слайд
Содержание слайда: Concept about weather and climate
Weather - dynamic set physical properties of ground layer of air (troposphere) for a short time interval (hours, day, weeks).
№4 слайд
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№5 слайд
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№6 слайд
Содержание слайда: The basic weather forming factors:
1) Geliophysical - intensity of a sunlight and solar activity
2) Geophysical - intensity of a geomagnetic field of the Earth, geomagnetic storms
3) Electric condition of atmosphere - intensity and gradient of electric field, air ionization
№7 слайд
Содержание слайда: 4) Meteorological - temperature, humidity, speed and direction of movement of air, atmospheric pressure
5) Synoptic - overcast, deposits
4) Meteorological - temperature, humidity, speed and direction of movement of air, atmospheric pressure
5) Synoptic - overcast, deposits
№8 слайд
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№9 слайд
Содержание слайда: Meteorological factors – sharp fluctuations of temperature and atmospheric pressure - than more it is differences – than more biothropic weather.
№10 слайд
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№11 слайд
Содержание слайда: Synoptic factors
Are caused by atmospheric circulation of warm and cold air weights. There are 3 types of air masses - warm, cold, neutral (local). At it movement are formed atmospheric fronts - warm, cold, occlusion (mix of warm and cold masses).
№12 слайд
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№13 слайд
Содержание слайда: 1) Cyclone - atmospheric whirlwind with low pressure in the center and movement of air masses counter-clockwise. It is more often in the winter, on the average above Europe for one year - 40 cyclones.
№14 слайд
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№15 слайд
Содержание слайда: 2) Anticyclone - the atmospheric phenomenon with a high pressure in the center and movement of air clockwise. Clear weather - strong heat in the summer or frost in the winter. Sharp differences of weather factors are not present - more favorable weather.
2) Anticyclone - the atmospheric phenomenon with a high pressure in the center and movement of air clockwise. Clear weather - strong heat in the summer or frost in the winter. Sharp differences of weather factors are not present - more favorable weather.
№16 слайд
Содержание слайда: Geliophysical factors
Till now at estimation of weather are little taken into account, though the ingenious founder heliobiology A.L.Chizhevsky in 1920th years has established influence of solar activity on alive organisms, including people.
№17 слайд
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№18 слайд
Содержание слайда: Complexity studying this question - cyclic changes of solar activity has different periodicity - 11-years, 22-years, 60-years and more, which can be imposed against each other and poorly studied.
№19 слайд
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№20 слайд
Содержание слайда: Parameters of solar activity:
Index Wolf (W) - amount of spots on the Sun,
Index S - the total area of spots, Intensity of radio emission of the Sun on a wave 10,7 sm,
Solar wind - corpuscular streams (protons, electrons.)
№21 слайд
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№22 слайд
Содержание слайда: Geophysical parameters - electromagnetic field of Earth (EMF), its deviation from a usual level named "magnetic storms" - planetary, local, on intensity - weak, moderate and big.
Definition degree variability of weather.
№23 слайд
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№24 слайд
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№25 слайд
Содержание слайда: The reasons, mechanisms and displays MR
People as a whole adapted to rhythmical changes of climate and the weather, connected with changes of day and night, season of year.
№26 слайд
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№27 слайд
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№28 слайд
Содержание слайда: All people on metheosensibility share on 2 categories:
а) meteostable - tolerant - young healthy people
b) meteosensitive - on the different data it is 30-70 % of the population, in old age, among patients with bronchial asthma, hypertension - up to 90 %.
All people on metheosensibility share on 2 categories:
а) meteostable - tolerant - young healthy people
b) meteosensitive - on the different data it is 30-70 % of the population, in old age, among patients with bronchial asthma, hypertension - up to 90 %.
№29 слайд
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№30 слайд
Содержание слайда: Displays MR
1) An easy degree - asteno-vegetative syndrome - mass character and synchronism with changes of weather allow us to think about presence MR.
№31 слайд
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№32 слайд
Содержание слайда: Diseases during which are marked MR
It is revealed 2 groups diseases
1. Diseases for which there are some data on presence МR:
Diseases gastroenterities way (stomach ulcer, gastritises, colites, etc.) - 40-60 % of patients,
№33 слайд
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№34 слайд
Содержание слайда: 2.Diseases for which presence МR is authentically proved:
2.Diseases for which presence МR is authentically proved:
- Cardiovascular diseases - statistically authentic growth number of insults, hypertonic crisis's, heart attacks and mortality at biothropic weather - including according to first aid,
№35 слайд
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№36 слайд
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№37 слайд
Содержание слайда: Medical estimation of weather
In a basis of all medical classifications - the concept offered N.E.Vvedenski about force of external irritation: low, average and high.
№38 слайд
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№39 слайд
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№40 слайд
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№41 слайд
Содержание слайда: If index
0-19 - optimum weather,
20-49 - irritating (demands strengthened medical control), more than 50 - sharp (demands strict medical control).
If index
0-19 - optimum weather,
20-49 - irritating (demands strengthened medical control), more than 50 - sharp (demands strict medical control).
№42 слайд
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№43 слайд
Содержание слайда: System prevention MR - 3 basic directions
1) Common hygienic methods – rational nutrition, rational mode of day
2) Organizational measures - medical weather forecasts, medical estimation of weather.
№44 слайд
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№45 слайд
Содержание слайда: Thus allocate seasonal prevention - regular reception small dozes of preparations in adverse months in the given area
Thus allocate seasonal prevention - regular reception small dozes of preparations in adverse months in the given area
№46 слайд
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№47 слайд
Содержание слайда: Seasons for seasonal prophylaxis cardiovascular diseases in Crimea(V.Bardov, 1985).
Most unfavorable months on reliable rising frequency of exacerbations:
hypertonic crisises - 2,3,4,5 and 12 month
attacks of stenocardia -1,2,3,4,5 and 11 month
№48 слайд
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№49 слайд
Содержание слайда: Hygienic value climate
Climate it is a long-term mode of weather in the given district. The basic climate-formed factors:
- The geographical breadth, influencing size of a sunlight,
№50 слайд
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№51 слайд
Содержание слайда: Parameters of climate - average (monthly average, mid-annual) parameters of meteorological factors, wind rose, number of clear days etc.
№52 слайд
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№53 слайд
Содержание слайда: (season, year). If index T more 0,5 – it is adverse climate (not good for ill person). At long residing at the certain climate the person has the certain dynamic stereotype providing normal ability to live.
(season, year). If index T more 0,5 – it is adverse climate (not good for ill person). At long residing at the certain climate the person has the certain dynamic stereotype providing normal ability to live.
№54 слайд
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№55 слайд
Содержание слайда: Conditionally in this process allocate 2 stages:
а) Partial acclimatization or adaptation - from the first hours - to 14 days (at ill people - about 30 and more days).
b) Full acclimatization - after 14 day - some months, to conditions of Far North - up to 1,5 years.
№56 слайд
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№57 слайд
Содержание слайда: Acclimatization should be taken into account in resort treatment - to not direct patients on resorts with sharply distinguished climate (24 days - the basic period of acclimatization). The big problem for army, the Navy, workers on Far North.
Acclimatization should be taken into account in resort treatment - to not direct patients on resorts with sharply distinguished climate (24 days - the basic period of acclimatization). The big problem for army, the Navy, workers on Far North.
№58 слайд
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№59 слайд
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№60 слайд
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№62 слайд
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№66 слайд
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№67 слайд
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№77 слайд
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№78 слайд
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№80 слайд
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№81 слайд
Содержание слайда: We also know that most people are born and die in the dark of night. Clinically are confirmed changes of physiological functions dependent of the seasons of the year.
№82 слайд
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№83 слайд
Содержание слайда: In the summer register redistribution of blood from internal organs to the skin, in connection with thisfact blood pressure is lower in summer than in winter.
№84 слайд
Содержание слайда: In the summer there is anincreased cardiac output, less manifested vascular reaction and a large consumption of oxygen tissues than in winter. Ability of blood to bind carbon dioxide greatest in the winter.
№85 слайд
Содержание слайда: Dry and hot strong wind, brings a lot of sand. The dust gets into the house, penetrates clothes, hair, gets in eyes, nasopharynx, generates the feeling of bothersome sultriness.
№86 слайд
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№87 слайд
Содержание слайда: The highest manifestation of activity of climatic factors are the so-called seasonal disease and the seasonal exacerbation of chronic diseases.
№88 слайд
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№89 слайд
Содержание слайда: The greatest number of cases of pneumonia by children under 1 year was registered in January and April, which coincides with the most drastic weather changes. Cooling, the violation of trophic of pharyngonasal cavity promote the development of the infectious process.
№90 слайд
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№91 слайд
Содержание слайда: In the spring atmospheric pressure may have significant daily variation, it generally tends to decrease, decreases the absolute quantity of oxygen in the air.
№92 слайд
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№93 слайд
Содержание слайда: The process of acclimatization is a longtime adaptation to new climatic conditions associated with the formation of a new dynamic stereotype, which occurs through the establishment of temporary and permanent reflex connections with the environment through the central nervous system.
№94 слайд
Содержание слайда: Adaptation is the process of supportingof the functional condition of homeostatic systems of the body, that provides its preservation, promotion, performance, maximum life duration in the inadequate conditions ofnatural environment.
№95 слайд
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№96 слайд
Содержание слайда: For the successful acclimatization of man has so much value does not effect the harsh climatic conditions, as a rational and purposeful organization of dwelling, clothes, working conditions and nutrition.
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№98 слайд
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