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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
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Содержание слайда: Introduction to Vectors
Karashbayeva Zh.O.
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Содержание слайда: What are Vectors?
Vectors are pairs of a direction and a magnitude. We usually represent a vector with an arrow:
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Содержание слайда: Vectors in Rn
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Содержание слайда: Multiples of Vectors
Given a real number c, we can multiply a vector by c by multiplying its magnitude by c:
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Содержание слайда: Adding Vectors
Two vectors can be added using the Parallelogram Law
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Содержание слайда: Combinations
These operations can be combined.
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Содержание слайда: Components
To do computations with vectors, we place them in the plane and find their components.
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Содержание слайда: Components
The initial point is the tail, the head is the terminal point. The components are obtained by subtracting coordinates of the initial point from those of the terminal point.
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Содержание слайда: Components
The first component of v is 5 -2 = 3.
The second is 6 -2 = 4.
We write v = <3,4>
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Содержание слайда: Magnitude
The magnitude of the vector is the length of the segment, it is written ||v||.
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Содержание слайда: Scalar Multiplication
Once we have a vector in component form, the arithmetic operations are easy.
To multiply a vector by a real number, simply multiply each component by that number.
Example: If v = <3,4>, -2v = <-6,-8>
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Содержание слайда: Addition
To add vectors, simply add their components.
For example, if v = <3,4> and w = <-2,5>,
then v + w = <1,9>.
Other combinations are possible.
For example: 4v – 2w = <16,6>.
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Содержание слайда: Unit Vectors
A unit vector is a vector with magnitude 1.
Given a vector v, we can form a unit vector
by multiplying the vector by 1/||v||.
For example, find the unit vector in the
direction <3,4>:
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Содержание слайда: Special Unit Vectors
A vector such as <3,4> can be written as
3<1,0> + 4<0,1>.
For this reason, these vectors are given special names: i = <1,0> and j = <0,1>.
A vector in component form v = <a,b> can be written ai + bj.
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Содержание слайда: Spanning Sets and Linear Independence
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Содержание слайда: EX: Testing for linear independence
EX: Testing for linear independence
Determine whether the following set of vectors in P2 is L.I. or L.D.
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Содержание слайда: Basis and Dimension
Basis :
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