Презентация The water complex and its participants онлайн
На нашем сайте вы можете скачать и просмотреть онлайн доклад-презентацию на тему The water complex and its participants абсолютно бесплатно. Урок-презентация на эту тему содержит всего 27 слайдов. Все материалы созданы в программе PowerPoint и имеют формат ppt или же pptx. Материалы и темы для презентаций взяты из открытых источников и загружены их авторами, за качество и достоверность информации в них администрация сайта не отвечает, все права принадлежат их создателям. Если вы нашли то, что искали, отблагодарите авторов - поделитесь ссылкой в социальных сетях, а наш сайт добавьте в закладки.
Презентации » Окружающий мир » The water complex and its participants
Оцените!
Оцените презентацию от 1 до 5 баллов!
- Тип файла:ppt / pptx (powerpoint)
- Всего слайдов:27 слайдов
- Для класса:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
- Размер файла:603.66 kB
- Просмотров:71
- Скачиваний:0
- Автор:неизвестен
Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№4 слайд
![Water resources of the water](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img3.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Water resources
97% of the water on the Earth is salt water. Only three percent is fresh water; slightly over two thirds of this is frozen in glaciers and polar ice caps. The remaining unfrozen freshwater is found mainly as groundwater, with only a small fraction present above ground or in the air.
№5 слайд
![Uses of fresh water Water use](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img4.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Uses of fresh water
Water use in power generation and industry is generally described using an alternate terminology, focusing on separate measurements of withdrawal and consumption. Withdrawal describes the removal of water from the environment, while consumption describes the conversion of fresh water into some other form, such as atmospheric water vapor or contaminated waste water
№6 слайд
![Agricultural It is estimated](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Agricultural
It is estimated that 69% of worldwide water use is for irrigation, with 15-35% of irrigation withdrawals being unsustainable. It takes around 3,000 litres of water, converted from liquid to vapour, to produce enough food to satisfy one person's daily dietary need. This is a considerable amount, when compared to that required for drinking, which is between two and five litres. To produce food for the now over 7 billion people who inhabit the planet today requires the water that would fill a canal ten metres deep, 100 metres wide and 7.1 million kilometres long – that's enough to circle the globe 180 times.
№7 слайд
![Increasing water scarcity](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Increasing water scarcity
Fifty years ago, the common perception was that water was an infinite resource. At this time, there were fewer than half the current number of people on the planet. People were not as wealthy as today, consumed fewer calories and ate less meat, so less water was needed to produce their food. They required a third of the volume of water we presently take from rivers. Today, the competition for water resources is much more intense.
№9 слайд
![Industrial It is estimated](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img8.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Industrial
It is estimated that 22% of worldwide water use is industrial. Major industrial users include hydroelectric dams, thermoelectric power plants, which use water for cooling, ore and oil refineries, which use water in chemical processes, and manufacturing plants, which use water as a solvent. Water withdrawal can be very high for certain industries, but consumption is generally much lower than that of agriculture.
№10 слайд
![Industrial Water is used in](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img9.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Industrial
Water is used in renewable power generation. Hydroelectric power derives energy from the force of water flowing downhill, driving a turbine connected to a generator. This hydroelectricity is a low-cost, non-polluting, renewable energy source. Significantly, hydroelectric power can also be used for load following unlike most renewable energy sources which are intermittent. Ultimately, the energy in a hydroelectric powerplant is supplied by the sun. Heat from the sun evaporates water, which condenses as rain in higher altitudes and flows downhill. Pumped-storage hydroelectric plants also exist, which use grid electricity to pump water uphill when demand is low, and use the stored water to produce electricity when demand is high.
№11 слайд
![Industrial Hydroelectric](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img10.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Industrial
Hydroelectric power plants generally require the creation of a large artificial lake. Evaporation from this lake is higher than evaporation from a river due to the larger surface area exposed to the elements, resulting in much higher water consumption. The process of driving water through the turbine and tunnels or pipes also briefly removes this water from the natural environment, creating water withdrawal. The impact of this withdrawal on wildlife varies greatly depending on the design of the powerplant.
№12 слайд
![Industrial Pressurized water](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img11.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Industrial
Pressurized water is used in water blasting and water jet cutters. Also, very high pressure water guns are used for precise cutting. It works very well, is relatively safe, and is not harmful to the environment. It is also used in the cooling of machinery to prevent overheating, or prevent saw blades from overheating. This is generally a very small source of water consumption relative to other uses.
№14 слайд
![Household It is estimated](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img13.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Household
It is estimated that 8% of worldwide water use is for household purposes. These include drinking water, bathing, cooking, sanitation, and gardening. Basic household water requirements have been estimated by Peter Gleick at around 50 liters per person per day, excluding water for gardens. Drinking water is water that is of sufficiently high quality so that it can be consumed or used without risk of immediate or long term harm. Such water is commonly called potable water. In most developed countries, the water supplied to households, commerce and industry is all of drinking water standard even though only a very small proportion is actually consumed or used in food preparation.
№16 слайд
![Recreation Recreational water](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img15.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Recreation
Recreational water use is usually a very small but growing percentage of total water use. Recreational water use is mostly tied to reservoirs. If a reservoir is kept fuller than it would otherwise be for recreation, then the water retained could be categorized as recreational usage. Release of water from a few reservoirs is also timed to enhance whitewater boating, which also could be considered a recreational usage. Other examples are anglers, water skiers, nature enthusiasts and swimmers.
№17 слайд
![Recreation Recreational usage](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img16.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Recreation
Recreational usage is usually non-consumptive. Golf courses are often targeted as using excessive amounts of water, especially in drier regions. It is, however, unclear whether recreational irrigation (which would include private gardens) has a noticeable effect on water resources. This is largely due to the unavailability of reliable data. Additionally, many golf courses utilize either primarily or exclusively treated effluent water, which has little impact on potable water availability.
№19 слайд
![Water stress The concept of](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img18.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Water stress
The concept of water stress is relatively simple: According to the World Business Council for Sustainable Development, it applies to situations where there is not enough water for all uses, whether agricultural, industrial or domestic. Defining thresholds for stress in terms of available water per capita is more complex, however, entailing assumptions about water use and its efficiency. Nevertheless, it has been proposed that when annual per capita renewable freshwater availability is less than 1,700 cubic meters, countries begin to experience periodic or regular water stress. Below 1,000 cubic meters, water scarcity begins to hamper economic development and human health and well-being.
№20 слайд
![Population growth In , the](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img19.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Population growth
In 2000, the world population was 6.2 billion. The UN estimates that by 2050 there will be an additional 3.5 billion people with most of the growth in developing countries that already suffer water stress. Thus, water demand will increase unless there are corresponding increases in water conservation and recycling of this vital resource.[14] In building on the data presented here by the UN, the World Bank goes on to explain that access to water for producing food will be one of the main challenges in the decades to come. Access to water will need to be balanced with the importance of managing water itself in a sustainable way while taking into account the impact of climate change, and other environmental and social variables.
№21 слайд
![Depletion of aquifers Due to](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img20.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Depletion of aquifers
Due to the expanding human population, competition for water is growing such that many of the worlds major aquifers are becoming depleted. This is due both for direct human consumption as well as agricultural irrigation by groundwater. Millions of pumps of all sizes are currently extracting groundwater throughout the world. Irrigation in dry areas such as northern China and India is supplied by groundwater, and is being extracted at an unsustainable rate. Cities that have experienced aquifer drops between 10 to 50 meters include Mexico City, Bangkok, Manila, Beijing, Madras and Shanghai.
№23 слайд
![Pollution and water](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img22.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Pollution and water protection
Water pollution is one of the main concerns of the world today. The governments of numerous countries have striven to find solutions to reduce this problem. Many pollutants threaten water supplies, but the most widespread, especially in developing countries, is the discharge of raw sewage into natural waters; this method of sewage disposal is the most common method in underdeveloped countries, but also is prevalent in quasi-developed countries such as China, India and Iran. Sewage, sludge, garbage, and even toxic pollutants are all dumped into the water.
№24 слайд
![Pollution and water](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img23.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Pollution and water protection
Even if sewage is treated, problems still arise. Treated sewage forms sludge, which may be placed in landfills, spread out on land, incinerated or dumped at sea. In addition to sewage, nonpoint source pollution such as agricultural runoff is a significant source of pollution in some parts of the world, along with urban stormwater runoff and chemical wastes dumped by industries and governments.
№25 слайд
![World water supply and](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img24.jpg)
Содержание слайда: World water supply and distribution
Food and water are two basic human needs. However, global coverage figures from 2002 indicate that, of every 10 people:
roughly 5 have a connection to a piped water supply at home (in their dwelling, plot or yard);
3 make use of some other sort of improved water supply, such as a protected well or public standpipe;
2 are unserved;
In addition, 4 out of every 10 people live without improved sanitation.
№26 слайд
![World water supply and](/documents_6/6a48255cfe80746ea08b64452312ea5a/img25.jpg)
Содержание слайда: World water supply and distribution
At Earth Summit 2002 governments approved a Plan of Action to:
Halve by 2015 the proportion of people unable to reach or afford safe drinking water. The Global Water Supply and Sanitation Assessment 2000 Report (GWSSAR) defines "Reasonable access" to water as at least 20 liters per person per day from a source within one kilometer of the user’s home.
Halve the proportion of people without access to basic sanitation. The GWSSR defines "Basic sanitation" as private or shared but not public disposal systems that separate waste from human contact.
Скачать все slide презентации The water complex and its participants одним архивом:
Похожие презентации
-
Microflora and sanitary-indicative bacteria of the soil, water, air the methods of studying
-
Environmental factors and health of the population
-
Global Environmental Problems, Environmentalisms, and the Age of Climate Change
-
The ecological crisis and the problems of modern civilization
-
Environmental History and the Dangers of Climate Change
-
Colonialism, Environment and the Making of the Modern World
-
Water pollution and consequences
-
The stability of ecosystems and their resistance to contamination
-
Geohelminths eggs contamination of sandpits in Vladivostok, Russia
-
Unpacking the Water-Energy-Food Nexus from the regional to local level