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№1 слайд![Zaporizhzhya State Medical](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img0.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Zaporizhzhya State Medical University
Analytical Chemistry Department
Acid-base equilibrium in biological systems
Lecturer: Monaykina Yulia Vitalievna
2016
№2 слайд![Electrolytes are the](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img1.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Electrolytes
are the substances which solutions conduct electric current.
In 1884 S. Arrhenius founded a comprehensive theory which is known as
theory of electrolytic dissociation or ionic theory.
№3 слайд![](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img2.jpg)
№4 слайд![Protolytic equilibrium in](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img3.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Protolytic equilibrium in water
Protolytic equilibrium in water
The ionization of water is accompanied by the transfer of a proton from one water molecule to another and is called autoprotolysis.
Water is a weak amphoteric electrolyte.
H2О ↔ H+ + OH-
Autoprotolysis of water is described by the equilibrium constant called water autoprotolysis constant or ion product of water:
Kw = [H+] ∙ [OH-] =10-14
№5 слайд![Hydrogen ion exponent](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img4.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Hydrogen ion exponent
Hydrogen ion exponent
In pure liquid water (neutral medium) concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions are the same:
[H+] = [OH-] = 10-7
рН = – lg[H+] = 7
рОН = –lg[ОH-] = 7
pKw = pH + pOH = 14
рН is hydrogen ion exponent – a value that is equal to negative decimal logarithm of hydrogen ions concentration (mole/litre).
№6 слайд![](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img5.jpg)
№7 слайд![BUFFER SOLUTIONS are the](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: BUFFER SOLUTIONS
are the solutions which pH values do not practically change when moderate amounts of either a strong acid or a strong base are added and also as a result of dilution.
Buffer solutions consist of weak acids and their salts (conjugate bases) or of weak bases and their salts (conjugate acids).
№8 слайд![Buffer systems of blood](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img7.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Buffer systems of blood
Buffer systems of blood
are the most important among the buffer systems
of all biological fluids.
Hydrocarbonate and phosphate buffers are present in blood plasma and in erythrocytes.
Proteins buffer system is in plasma.
Hemoglobin buffer system is in erythrocytes.
№9 слайд![ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS](/documents_6/a447b13da8ce58c0cc0de97c8465e16e/img8.jpg)
Содержание слайда: ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS
ACIDOSIS and ALKALOSIS
Gaseous (respiratory)
Non-gaseous: metabolic,
excretory,
exogenous.