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№1 слайд![Atomic number, Mass number](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img0.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Atomic number, Mass number and Isotopes
№2 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img1.jpg)
№3 слайд![Information about an element](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img2.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Information about an element
№4 слайд![Let s take Li atom for an](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img3.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Let’s take Li atom for an example:
Let’s take Li atom for an example:
№5 слайд![Atomic number and Mass Number](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img4.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Atomic number and Mass Number
The number of protons in a given atom is called the atomic number, or the proton number, Z.
The number of electrons in the atom is also equal to Z because the atom is electrically neutral.
The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom is called the mass number, A.
The number of neutrons, the neutron number, is A - Z.
An electron carries an atomic unit of negative charge, a proton carries an atomic unit of positive charge, and a neutron is electrically neutral.
№6 слайд![Atomic number and Mass Number](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Atomic number and Mass Number
№7 слайд![Number of electrons An atom](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Number of electrons
An atom is neutral.
The net charge is zero.
Therefore, Number of protons = Number of electrons
Atomic number = Number of electrons
For chlorine (Cl),
Atomic number = Number of electrons = 17
№8 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img7.jpg)
№9 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img8.jpg)
№10 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img9.jpg)
№11 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img10.jpg)
№12 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img11.jpg)
№13 слайд![Isotopes They are atoms of](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img12.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Isotopes同位素
They are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.
Hydrogen has 3 isotopes.
№14 слайд![Isotopes Hydrogen has](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img13.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Isotopes
Hydrogen has 3 isotopes.
№15 слайд![Isotopes Hydrogen has](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img14.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Isotopes
Hydrogen has 3 isotopes.
№16 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img15.jpg)
№17 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img16.jpg)
№18 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img17.jpg)
№19 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img18.jpg)
№20 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img19.jpg)
№21 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img20.jpg)
№22 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img21.jpg)
№23 слайд![Cation and Anion An ion is an](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img22.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Cation and Anion
An ion is an atom, or group of atoms, that has a net positive or negative charge.
cation – ion with a positive charge
If a neutral atom loses one or more electrons it becomes a cation.
anion – ion with a negative charge
If a neutral atom gains one or more electrons it becomes an anion.
№24 слайд![Cation and Anion A monatomic](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img23.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Cation and Anion
A monatomic ion contains only one atom
eg. Na+, Cl-, Ca2+, O2-, Al3+, N3-
A polyatomic ion contains more than one atom
eg. OH-, CN-, NH4+, NO3-
№25 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img24.jpg)
№26 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img25.jpg)
№27 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img26.jpg)
№28 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img27.jpg)
№29 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img28.jpg)
№30 слайд![Why does the atomic mass on](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img29.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Why does the atomic mass on the periodic table have so many decimal places?
№31 слайд![Atomic mass](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img30.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Atomic mass
№32 слайд![Calculating a weighted average](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img31.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Calculating a “weighted” average
№33 слайд![Calculating a weighted](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img32.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Calculating a “weighted” average
A sample of magnesium collected anywhere in the universe will contain three isotopes of magnesium.
№34 слайд![Calculating a weighted average](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img33.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Calculating a “weighted” average
№35 слайд![Calculating a weighted](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img34.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Calculating a “weighted” average
Atomic mass of magnesium
= 23.985045 x 78.90%
+ 24.985839 x 10.00%
+ 25.982595 x 11.10%
= 24.30685245 amu
№36 слайд![For your reference](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img35.jpg)
Содержание слайда: For your reference
№37 слайд![Another example Cl- is about](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img36.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Another example
Cl-35 is about 75.5 % and Cl-37 about 24.5% of natural chlorine.
№38 слайд![Exercise Copper has two](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img37.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Exercise
Copper has two isotopes 63Cu (62.9 amu) and 65Cu (64.9 amu). What is the % abundance of isotope 63Cu? (Hint: Check periodic table for atomic mass)
1) 30% 2) 70% 3) 100%
№39 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img38.jpg)
№40 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img39.jpg)
№41 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img40.jpg)
№42 слайд![](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img41.jpg)
№43 слайд![Radioactive isotope](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img42.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Radioactive isotope
Radioactive isotope, also called radioisotope, any of several species of the same chemical element with different masses whose nuclei are unstable and dissipate excess energy by spontaneously emitting radiation in the form of alpha, beta, and gamma rays.
Radioactive isotopes have many useful applications. In medicine, for example, cobalt-60 is extensively employed as a radiation source to arrest the development of cancer.
In industry, radioactive isotopes of various kinds are used for measuring the thickness of metal or plastic sheets.
Other significant applications include the use of radioactive isotopes as compact sources of electrical power—e.g. plutonium-238 in cardiac pacemakers and spacecraft.
№44 слайд![Radioactive isotope The table](/documents_6/4ee737deb39d35e26df8faacce985852/img43.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Radioactive isotope
The table lists some naturally occurring radioactive isotopes.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E4B94zCY4ok