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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№1 слайд![The costs of production.](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img0.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The costs of production. Income from factors of production
Sws
№2 слайд![Content](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img1.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Content
№3 слайд![Economic Costs The payment](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img2.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Economic Costs
The payment that must be made to obtain and retain the services of a resource
Explicit Costs
Monetary payments
Implicit Costs
Value of next best use
Self-owned resources
Includes normal profit
№4 слайд![Accounting Profit and Normal](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img3.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Accounting Profit and Normal Profit
Accounting profit
= Revenue – Explicit Costs
Economic profit
= Accounting Profit – Implicit Costs
Economic profit (to summarize)
=Total Revenue – Economic Costs
=Total Revenue – Explicit Costs – Implicit Costs
№5 слайд![Economic Profit](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img4.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Economic Profit
№6 слайд![Short Run and Long Run Short](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Short Run and Long Run
Short Run
Some variable inputs
Fixed plant
Long Run
All inputs are variable
Variable plant
Firms enter and exit
№7 слайд![The Law of Diminishing Returns](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The Law of Diminishing Returns
№8 слайд![Short-Run Production](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img7.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Short-Run Production Relationships
Total Product (TP)
Marginal Product (MP)
Average Product (AP)
№9 слайд![Short-Run Production Costs](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img8.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Short-Run Production Costs
Fixed Costs (TFC)
Costs do not vary with output
Variable Costs (TVC)
Costs vary with output
Total Costs (TC)
Sum of TFC and TVC
TC = TFC + TVC
№10 слайд![Short-Run Production Costs](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img9.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Short-Run Production Costs
№11 слайд![Long-Run Production Costs The](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img10.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Long-Run Production Costs
The firm can change all input amounts, including plant size.
All costs are variable in the long run.
Long run ATC
Different short run ATCs
№12 слайд![The Long-Run Cost Curve](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img11.jpg)
Содержание слайда: The Long-Run Cost Curve
№13 слайд![Per-Unit, or Average, Costs](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img12.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Per-Unit, or Average, Costs
Average Fixed Costs AFC = TFC/Q
Average Variable Costs AVC = TVC/Q
Average Total Costs ATC = TC/Q
Marginal Costs MC = ΔTC/ΔQ
№14 слайд![Per-Unit, or Average, Costs](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img13.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Per-Unit, or Average, Costs
№15 слайд![Economies and Diseconomies of](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img14.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Economies and Diseconomies of Scale
Economies of scale
Labor specialization
Managerial specialization
Efficient capital
Other factors
Constant returns to scale
№16 слайд![Economies and Diseconomies of](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img15.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Economies and Diseconomies of Scale
Diseconomies of scale
Control and coordination problems
Communication problems
Worker alienation
Shirking
№17 слайд![Conclusion The costs related](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img16.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Conclusion
The costs related to making or acquiring goods and services that directly generates revenue for a firm. It comprises of direct costs and indirect costs. Direct costs are those that are traceable to the creation of a product and include costs for materials and labor whereas indirect costs refer to those costs that cannot be traced to the product such as overhead.
№18 слайд![Reference Donald F. Gordon,](/documents_6/23aed286b58763dcc30d1c6252c5a8d9/img17.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Reference
Donald F. Gordon, "What was the Labor Theory of Value"
The basis of economic theory
Arthur V. Kozneyev, "The book for economic leader"