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Презентации » Технология » Unit 02: Computer Systems
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- Тип файла:ppt / pptx (powerpoint)
- Всего слайдов:60 слайдов
- Для класса:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11
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Слайды и текст к этой презентации:
№2 слайд
![Aims amp Objectives Define](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img1.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Aims & Objectives
Define Ports & Connectors (Serial, Parallel & USB)
State reasons for Backing Storage
Examine Portable & Fixed Drives
Create Cat5 Ethernet Cable
Describe the types of printers currently available
Describe the installation and configuration process for printers
Describe the types of scanners currently available
Describe the installation and configuration process for scanners
№6 слайд
![Laser Printers A laser](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img5.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Laser Printers
A laser printer is a high-quality, fast printer that uses a laser beam to create an image.
Laser printing process
Cleaning
Conditioning
Writing
Developing
Transferring
Fusing
WARNING: The primary corona wire or grid, or the conditioning roller, can be very dangerous. The voltage runs as high as -6000 volts. Only certified technicians should work on the unit. Before working inside a laser printer, you should make sure that voltage is properly discharged.
№7 слайд
![Impact Printers Impact](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img6.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Impact Printers
Impact printers use a print head impacts a printer tape or inked ribbon to create characters.
There are two types:
Daisy-wheel
Dot-matrix
They use inexpensive consumables and have carbon copy printing ability. Unfortunately they are also noisy, have lower graphic resolution and limited color capabilities.
№8 слайд
![Inkjet Printers Use](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img7.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Inkjet Printers
Use ink-filled cartridges that spray ink onto a page through tiny holes, or nozzles. The ink is sprayed in a pattern on the page, one column of dots at a time.
Two types of inkjet nozzles:
Thermal
Piezoelectric
They produce high quality print, are easy to use and are less expensive than laser printers. However the nozzles are prone to clogging and the ink is wet after printing.
A feeding mechanism draws paper in and the paper passes by the print head where ink is sprayed onto it.
№14 слайд
![Scanners Scanners typically](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img13.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Scanners
Scanners typically create an RGB image that can be converted into image formats such as JPEG, TIFF, Bitmap, and PNG.
Some scanners can create text documents using optical character recognition (OCR).
Resolution of a scanner is measured in dots per inch (dpi). Like printers, the higher the dpi, the better the quality of the image.
Interfaces and cables used for scanners are typically the same as those used for printers: Parallel, USB, SCSI, and Firewire.
№16 слайд
![Flatbed Scanners Often used](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img15.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Flatbed Scanners
Often used to scan books and photographs for archiving.
Image is acquired by placing the document face down on the glass. The scanner head lies beneath the glass and moves along the item, capturing the image.
The glass should be maintained clean and protected from scratching.
№18 слайд
![Drum Scanners Drum scanners](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img17.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Drum Scanners
Drum scanners produce a high-quality scanned image, but they are being replaced by lower priced, high-quality flatbed scanners.
Still in use for high-end reproductions, such as archiving photographs in museums.
To scan an image using a drum scanner you should attach the image to a revolving drum or load it into a supporting canister.
№20 слайд
![Preventive Maintenance](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img19.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Preventive Maintenance Techniques
Printers and scanners have many moving parts that can wear out over time or through extended use.
Also moving parts can be affected by dust and other particles.
Clean printers and scanners regularly to avoid downtime, loss of productivity, and high repair costs.
№21 слайд
![Preventive Maintenance](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img20.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Preventive Maintenance Techniques (Continued)
Printer Maintenance
Printers have many moving parts and require more maintenance than most electronic devices.
CAUTION: Unplug the printer from the electrical source before beginning maintenance.
Paper and Ink
Using the correct type of paper can help you to ensure that the printer operates longer and prints more efficiently.
Types of printer paper available include inkjet and laser. Some papers, especially photo paper and transparencies, have a right and wrong side marked by an arrow on the package.
Manufacturer will recommend the brand and type of ink to use. Do not refill ink cartridges because the ink may leak.
№22 слайд
![Preventive Maintenance](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img21.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Preventive Maintenance Techniques (Continued)
Scanner Maintenance
The scanner surface should be kept clean. If the glass becomes dirty, consult the manufacturer's user manual.
If the inside of the glass becomes dirty, check the manual for instructions on how to open the unit or remove the glass from the scanner.
When the scanner is not in use, keep lid
closed.
Never lay anything heavy on a scanner.
№27 слайд
![Ports amp Connectors Cont. If](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img26.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Ports & Connectors Cont.
If cabling is used, the transfer of data to and from the peripheral will be one of two types:
Serial transmission – 1 bit at a time and the cable is usually circular in cross-section
Parallel transmission – 1 byte (8 bits) at a time, this cabling looks like a ribbon, the wires being laid side by side
The simplest devices such as mouse and keyboard only need serial connection, where others, such as printers benefit from the two-way communication of parallel connections
What are the speeds of USB 1, 2 & 3?
What is USB 3?
№28 слайд
![Serial amp Parallel Port The](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img27.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Serial & Parallel Port
The serial and parallel ports on the PC are very different, as are the connectors that fit into them
The serial port conforms to the RS-232c standard and requires a 25-pin male port, but PCs only use 9 of these pins so it can be, and often is, replaced by a 9-pin male port.
The parallel port on the PC, e.g. for a printer, offers a female 25-pin DB (databus) connector
A male 25- pin DB connector on one end of the printer ribbon cable will clip or screw into place.
At the other end of the cable, at the printer end, is the 36-pin Centronics connector
№31 слайд
![Parallel amp USB USB was](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img30.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Parallel & USB
USB was designed to make the installation of slow peripherals, such as the mouse, joystick, keyboard and scanners, printers, digital cameras and digital telephones as easy as possible
Nowadays, the USB host controller is included in the chipset and this recognises when you plug a device into a USB port and allows hot swapping of devices
What does hot swapping mean?
There may be as many as four or more USB ports supported by a motherboard
№33 слайд
![USB Cont. It is also possible](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img32.jpg)
Содержание слайда: USB (Cont.)
It is also possible to link the devices in a ‘daisy chain’ so that the PC may have many more devices attached
Each device provides the USB port to the next device in the chain
Another option is to have a USB hub, into which devices can be plugged
For a wireless mouse, a connector (called a notebook receiver) may be attached to a USB port – the mouse is then battery-operated
Generally, transmission via a serial port is a slow, inexpensive method of data transfer
USB is faster than standard serial
So, parallel transmission is faster than serial
№38 слайд
![Monitors Monitors display the](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img37.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Monitors
Monitors display the information on a screen.
You can get 2 main types of monitors: CRT’s: Cathode Ray Tube monitors are fairly large and they are not as common as LCD’s nowadays. CRT’s work by using an electron gun situated at the end of the tube.
LCD’s: Liquid Crystal Display monitors are thin and are more commonly used. They work by using electronically charged crystals.
№39 слайд
![Which Monitor do I need? For](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img38.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Which Monitor do I need?
For anyone who owns a desktop PC, you’re going to need a monitor
It’s no good investing in a top of the line tower PC, only to see it ruined by a monitor that is sub-standard or not quite right for your main system
Acting as the face of your desktop, the right monitor is essential for maximising the potential of your PC ecosystem
As monitor tech develops at breakneck speed, it can be tricky to find the right balance of size, resolution and connections
Never fear, we’ve broken down all your buying choices so you don’t have to
№40 слайд
![Size Let s begin with size.](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img39.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Size
Let’s begin with size. Depending on exactly what you’ll be using your new monitor for will likely influence the size you inevitably plump for
PC monitors tend to start around the 17 inch mark, aligning itself with a large laptop display
For that however, you’re unlikely to find an aspect ratio excelling 5:4, and for those of us who are used a widescreen display, a 17 inch monitor is unlikely to do the trick
At the opposite end of the scale, general consumer monitors tend to rise as high as 27 inches
№41 слайд
![Size Cont. Ultimately, you](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img40.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Size Cont.
Ultimately, you need to consider what you’ll be using your monitor for
Perhaps you’re looking at purchasing two monitors, in which case you need to consider the size of the desk you’ll be housing them on
If you want to use your monitor for gaming or streaming movies, consider a larger display for the best possible entertainment experience
Similarly, large displays are usually associated with creative designers, who need every inch of a big, rich display to optimise their productivity
Whichever screen size you’re comfortable with, an increasingly hectic market will no doubt oblige with a number of available products
№42 слайд
![Resolution One careful](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img41.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Resolution
One careful consideration to make, and one which is closely linked to screen size, is resolution
Essentially, the greater width to your chosen monitor, the more attention needs to be paid to its resolution
If you’re sticking to a monitor of 21 inches of below, resolution will rarely exceed 1600×900
Given the small monitor size however, the pixel density will still be numerous enough to produce a decent image
№43 слайд
![Refresh Rate Another feature](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img42.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Refresh Rate
Another feature gamers should pay particular attention to is a monitor’s refresh rate which is measured in hertz (hz), this is the rate at which a monitor refreshes the image it is displaying every second
The industry standard was 60hz per second, but the progression towards 120hz (and beyond) is gaining momentum, the greater the refresh rate equals a smoother the image and reduces the chance of any blur
As with resolutions, refresh rates also demand that you consider your gaming build as a whole
Frame rates are a point that gamers obsess over, and their monitor’s refresh rate plays a huge roll in rendering a good FPS
Frames per second is how many frames your graphics card is churning through each second, which then passes onto your monitor to be displayed
If you settle for a 60hz monitor, it won’t be able to process anything above 60fps from your graphics card
№44 слайд
![Response Time Response time](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img43.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Response Time
Response time concerns the amount of time (measure in milliseconds) it takes the pixels in a monitor to change colour
Gamers are concerned with response rates more than most, particularly if you’re playing high-paced titles where the images change frequently
The lower the response time, the better your monitor is equipped to deal with the challenges of high-spec gaming
Typically, a response time of 4ms is fine for most gamers, but lower times such as 2 or even 1ms will allow your monitor to avoid the pitfalls of a slow response time completely
For the record, the main problem that might occur is ghosting, where a previous image can still be seen as a blur after the image has changed.
№45 слайд
![Resolution Cont. As you rise](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img44.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Resolution Cont.
As you rise up the ladder of monitor sizes, resolutions will inevitably rise alongside it
By the 22 inch mark, and 1920×1080, or Full HD, is now considered a market benchmark
Reach beyond 24 inches, towards large format displays of 27 inches and above, and pixel density needs to carry on increasing to gain the appropriate image quality
Full HD is still widespread amongst larger monitors, but the picture won’t be as sharp as a 24 inch display
To deal with the extra width, consider at least a 2560×1440 resolution
If you’re feeling flush, an Ultra HD 4K monitor will pump out a massive 3840×2160 resolution, for an eye-melting amount of detail
№46 слайд
![Panel Type Gone are the days](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img45.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Panel Type
Gone are the days of CRT and TFT technology
LCD panels are pretty much a standard in today’s market, but within the umbrella of LCD, there are still a few choices to ponder
Twisted Nematic (TN): Generally the most cost effective and widespread panel type on the market
TN displays have the best response time and refresh rate of any monitor panels, making them popular amongst gamers, a TN panel stumbles on narrow viewing angles and low brightness
Vertical Alignment (VA) panel: For a greater colour reproduction and a wider viewing angle
VA monitors tend to be a little more expensive but will produce a superior contrast ration and brightness, in particular to their ability to display deep blacks
№47 слайд
![Gaming Monitors You many have](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img46.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Gaming Monitors
You many have noticed a lot of talk of response times and refresh rates in the panel comparison above
Unless you’ll be using your monitor for gaming however, you can largely ignore this section
Low pixel response times and a high refresh rate are high on a gamers list of monitor requirements
Pixel response is the time it takes the display to respond to a user’s input
№48 слайд
![Gaming Monitors For a gamer](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img47.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Gaming Monitors
For a gamer then, it’s vital to enhancing their gameplay
As such, a response time of less than 3ms (milliseconds) can ensure no compromise is made on gaming experience
You may be familiar with refresh rates from your TV set
60Hz is an industry standard, meaning the screen will refresh 60 times per second
PCs able to run the latest games at their best, ultra-spec resolutions however, will look for higher refresh rates
Even if your PC is able to run games at 70 frames per second, if the monitor is only a 60Hz display, then 60 FPS is all your eyes will able to feast upon
If you’re big on PC gaming, it’s imperative you get the right quality of screen to match your power-based PC
№49 слайд
![Connections Your final major](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img48.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Connections
Your final major consideration revolves around connections and ports
HDMI has grown into the most popular source on the market, so expect almost all monitors above 21 inches to sport HDMI capabilities
Able to connect to pretty much any high-definition device, a HDMI port can hook your monitor up to Blu-ray players, games consoles and TVs
Indeed, we would recommend a dual-HDMI monitor, allowing you to keep more than one media device attached at all times
№50 слайд
![Connections DisplayPort](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img49.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Connections
DisplayPort connections are becoming increasingly popular, but are generally limited to a computer connection
Capable of high pixel resolutions at impressive refresh rates, DisplayPort cables tend to be similar in price to HDMI
If you’re connecting a tower-PC to your monitor, there is no reason not to use the DisplayPort connection
Either way, it’s always handy to invest in a DisplayPort-to-HDMI cable
№51 слайд
![Connections Some newer](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img50.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Connections
Some newer monitors are opting for DVI connection, often alongside HDMI. Again, if this is the case, get yourself a DVI-to-HDMI cable for HDMI devices
Whichever port you plan to predominantly use, ensure the video card in your PC has the appropriate capabilities
Choosing the right method of connection is relatively straightforward. Just take a look at the ports on the back of your external devices, and align your connections accordingly
Also, consider how many USB drives you might need, as peripherals such as keyboards and mice can soon see a monitor’s ports fill up
№52 слайд
![Price As computing technology](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img51.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Price
As computing technology moves ever forward, components such as monitors will continue to fall in price
Even today, you can get hold of a sufficiently impressive display for increasingly reasonable outlays
Obviously, greater size and resolution will drive up the cost of your chosen display
Typically, Full HD 22 inch monitors start for as little as £100
4K monitors, still struggling to gain enough traction in the market, are currently priced at £300 and above
№53 слайд
![Printers There are types of](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img52.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Printers
There are 3 types of Printers:
Dot Matrix : This printer is the oldest of the three and is not used much now because it doesn’t give as good results as the other two. It uses Carbon ribbon and pins.
Ink Jets : This printer has become cheaper and is commonly used at home as they are perfect for small quantities of work. The ink jets use ink cartridges that are heated up and droplets are then dropped on to the paper forming a small part of the overall image.
Laser : This printer is more expensive that the others however it is excellent for use in work as it is quiet, quick, can be stocked with a lot of paper and produces high-quality work.
№55 слайд
![Speakers Headphones There is](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img54.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Speakers / Headphones
There is usually a small speaker within the computer however to increase the volume and quality of the sound we plug in external speakers which allow us to hear the music better.
Headphones can be plugged into almost all computers and they enable you to listen to your music without disturbing others.
№56 слайд
![Backing storage Primary](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img55.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Backing storage
Primary storage, located within the computer, is relatively small and the majority of it is lost when the computer is switched off
To create a more permanent store for data (including software), a secondary storage device or backing store is needed, such as a hard drive
To create a portable store for data, offline storage devices are needed: CD-ROMs, DVDs, memory sticks, etc
Carryout some research on the different sizes of backing store items (CDRom > 700MB)
There are a variety of types of backing store now available to the PC user
Magnetic discs and optical discs
Pen drives
Flash memory cards
№58 слайд
![Portable and fixed drives In](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img57.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Portable and fixed drives
In the design of early computers, the drives (i.e. The readers) were located within the casing
Hard disks were fixed within the casing but other media formats (such as magnetic tape and floppy disks) provided portable ways of storing data
More recently, external hard drives have been developed and this has brought with it the option to move a hard drive (and the hard disk within it) from one computer to another
Similarly, pen drives and card readers, both of which plug into the USB port, provide a portable solution to data Storage
With the increased capacity and compact format of these devices, it is now possible to enjoy portability for large amounts of data
№59 слайд
![Key terms Primary storage the](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img58.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Key terms
Primary storage – the memory of the computer
Secondary storage – a backing store that remains with the computer and provides a greater capacity than the processor can offer
Pen drives – small devices that can be used to transfer files between USB-compatible systems and provide a high capacity alternative to CD-ROMs
They are plugged directly into the USB port and need no batteries for power
Flash memory cards – a portable medium for data
Commonly used in digital cameras, they can hold your photos until you upload them to your computer or output them to a photo printer
№60 слайд
![Performance factors When](/documents_6/98e8a55314109f718ceb541d5f6135df/img59.jpg)
Содержание слайда: Performance factors
When deciding what storage device to use, a number of factors need to be taken into account.
How much data will the device hold? What is its maximum capacity?
How fast can the data be stored on (written to) the device?
How fast can the data be retrieved (read) from the device?
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